!!Some notes
on Pada and Upapada!!
Reproduced from Modern Astrology October 2015
Reproduced from Modern Astrology October 2015
1- Upapada
1-4-1 Jaimini sutras
The word
‘Upa’ is a Sanskrit/Hindi term that refers to the English term ‘vice’. The terms ‘Pada’
and ‘Upapada’ are just like the president and vice president and we can say ‘Pada’
and ‘vice pada’ in English. If the ascendant is the president whose Pada is the main Pada
then we have to know which house is next to the ascendant that can rule the
horoscope in the absence (being weak) of the ascendant when it is weak! ‘Anuchar’
means follower of one, and next who can possess power in the absence of that one.
It is also known as ‘Gouna Pada’. ‘Gouna’ is a Sanskrit/Hindi word signify
secondary in status.
The word
‘Pitra’ signifies the ascendant according to the KTPY system. Now the question arises
which house is the follower and next to the ascendant that can assume the power of the ascendant in the present horoscope? Divergent views are available from scholars
in this regard. Some take it as the 2nd house and 12th house,
some suggest even the 5th house and some say it is the house where the ascendant lord is posited. A very perplexing situation arises in finding the correct
meaning of the Sutra. Every scholar has his own arguments and examples to prove his
view. If someone examines an object to
hit through various angles and one of them is wrong yet he can hit the target with
the effect of other correct angles. There is sufficient room in astrology to
prove even the wrong opinion among several thousands of prediction rules as it is
difficult to catch thieve among several saints. Available divergent views in a
single verse are sufficient to prove the above statement.
If we are
reading the Jaimini system and trusting Jaimini Rishi, he always preferred the
seventh house, in the case of the ascendant for being weak.
Uppada is
known for matters related to marriage and the basic theme of the ‘Pada’ system is
that the Pada is known for matters related to the house whose Pada is. Since the pada of the ascendant acts like an ascendant, the pada of the 9th house deals with all
the matters related to the 9th house. So it is logical to study matters
of marriage by the Pada of the 7th house. Uppada is known for such
matters so Jaimini Rishi is indicating the 7th house by the word ‘Anuchar’.
The 2nd
house signifies family, household (Kutumb), finance, and the 12th house
are known for loss, bed pleasure, sleep, secrecy (secret sin) and salvation, etc.
Arguments in
favor of the 2nd house are - the word ‘Pitra’ signify the ascendant as per the KTPY system and Anuchar means follower, the next sign to come in place of the ascendant
after some time.
One may have a family/household without marriage or a wife. From birth, someone is destined to
have a family. So this house has not such great importance regarding the wife for
which Rishi has been describing separate Pada as having importance like Pada of
ascendant.
Arguments in
favor of the 12th house are- Anuchar the follower means who stood
just behind the ascendant (‘Pitra’) as the disciple remains behind the master is the
12th sign.
Though the 12th
house is related to bed pleasure this is either related to sleep or intimacy
of secret nature (sin). So Rishi cannot put the matter of marriage to the 12th
house. Intimacy after marriage is a socially accepted phenomenon. How can he
indicate the 12th house by the word Anuchar!
The argument in
favor of the 5th house is- ‘Pitra’ the father and ‘Anuchr’ indicate his
son for which the 5th house is known. They take both words without
the use of the KTPY system.
The 5th
house is mainly known for progeny the fruit of marriage. How Rishi can put
both the matter in the same house! This is not possible. So there is no sense to
think about the 5th house. Another objection is if so, here we have to
take the word ‘Pitra’ without the KTPY system and the whole Sutra will remain without
the use of KTPY. In every Sutra, there is only one word related to the KTPY
system.
It is really
too much the important place of a horoscope where the ascendant lord gets placed. But
there is no hint given by the word ‘Anuchar’ toward it. Hence we cannot adopt
it for the purpose of Upapada though it may be a separate new method to examine
a horoscope.
Dr. Suresh Chandra Mishra writes in his Hindi
commentary over Jaimini Sutram, that the oldest commentators of Jaimini Sutram,
have taken the Pada of the 7th house for the purpose of Upapada and said
‘Saptmatpadmupadm’;
though he himself (Dr.Mishra) supported Pada
of the 12th house.
Some commentators took the word
instead of word
and conferred the
meaning in support of the 7th house by the use of the KTPY system as 
leaves the number seven.
(26011/12>7)
1- Calculation
method of a Pada-
Now the question is of the unit. Should it be in
order to house sign or it should be longitudinal!
First, observe below two Sutras of Jaimini.
Rishi is telling about the mutual
disposition of the Pada of the ascendant and the Pada of the seventh house that the Pada of the seventh house is good, increasing friendly attitude, if it falls in the Kendra,
Kona, or in Upachya houses from Pada of ascendant and if it is 6th,8th,
or 12th from Pada of ascendant disharmony between the couple is feared.
If we count house-wise, only odd
houses are possible to be a Pada from ascendant. So mutual or from ascendant 6th,
8th 12th position is not possible. Secondly, we cannot
examine further subdivisions of a Pada. Hence longitudinal distance must be
preferred to obtain a Pada of a house. The formula is thus-
Pada= longitude of house lord –
longitude of a house+ longitude of house lord
The calculation of the house must be according
to the method of Sripati for the best result as per my experience.
Exceptions- Some
say the first and seventh house is not eligible to attain the rank of Pada. Instead
of the 10th and 4th houses taking their rank. This is a
wrong view. They quote two Sutras in favor of their view but these Sutras are
only examples of Sutra and no exceptions. There are no Sutras suggesting in favor
of the 10th and 4th house instead of them. Observe the
related Sutras-
Only a word in a Sutra can be drawn
out of its hidden meaning by the KTPY system. This is a general scheme in using the KYPY
system in Jaimini Sutram that he referred to only one word by KTPY scheme in a
Sutra but in some cases, more than one word denoted the same noun as a house, sign, and
planets. Hence here we cannot take both the word ‘SWA’ and ‘DARA’ or ‘SUT’ and
‘JANM’ by the KTPY system. Only one word in these Sutras ‘SWA’ and ‘SUT’ are
subjected to the KTPY scheme. The word ‘SWA’ signify four and ‘SUT’ signify seven as
per the KTPY scheme and the true meaning of Sutras is such that the ascendant lord in the 4th
house, Pada will be in the 7th house (DARA), and if in the 7th
house Pada will be in the 1st house (JANMA).
1- Which house is important to examine
from Upapada! Upapada itself or second therefrom!-
What is the significance of a house, we always
examine it for knowing the trend of that significance and not second from that
house. It is also logical to examine the house itself. Even in the Jaimini system, Pada itself is more important than why he prefers 2nd house more than
Upapada itself! Perhaps 2nd house has to do something with marriage
matters. No, not at all, 2nd house has nothing to do with marriage
matters and if something is there then it is of 3rd grade. The 7th
house is a prime important house for marriage purposes and Upapada is
calculated for the purpose of this house, so only Upapada itself is important.
Commentators have been mistaken here with the word ‘Tatra’. They took the
meaning of this word by the use of the KTPY scheme, which is not appropriate in
this Sutra-
‘Tatra’ is the opposite word of ‘Atra’ Tatra means there and Atra means here. Wherever the word ‘Atra’ is used in
Jaimini Sutram signified only ‘here’, hence the true meaning of the word ‘Tatra’ is
‘there’ indicating towards Upapada itself.
I
have noted several Sutras containing the word ‘Tatra’ in the Jaimini Sutram and found most of them used for the meaning of
‘there’ without any doubt whereas in a few places it is full of doubt either
for ‘there’ or for ‘two/second’. Whenever the Rishi wanted to indicate a second
house, he used the word ‘Bhagya’. Why he would put so confusing the word ‘Tatra’ for the second house! Let us see some Sutras-
Hence the word ‘Tatra’ is not
indicating 2nd house in any Sutra of Jaimini Stram. Every Sutra has
a hidden meaning asking for much practical study and logical thinking. Whereas
Rishi spent his whole life completing a work, modern authors complete several
books within a short period. It seems a race of possessing more books by his
name.
Commentators of Jaimini Sutram have
been mostly dependable on other works written much later than Jaimini
Sutras and some of the old scriptures may be Prakshipta
(polluted, verses added later). I think
there is a missing link between the oldest and old works on astrology.
Now let us see some examples-
1- She rejected her husband on account
of his crazy behavior after begetting a child.
DOB- female: December 24, 1973, 3h
36m am at Pipriya (78E21, 22N45) (M.P.)
Pada (P1): 0-07/54; Upapada (P7): 11-18/58
2- Husband of the above female-
DOB- male-
March 2, 1961, 11h05m am at Nagpur (79E06, 21N09)
His P1 is on
Aquarius and his P7 is at sign Capricorn both are mutually in the 2-12th
position. His P7 is occupied by its lord Saturn but with a planet in debility
and within the aspect of Mars. Hence P7 and its lord both are in affliction.
3- Male- He and his wife both are not accepting
each other. A court case for divorce was filed by both after about two years of
marriage.
DOB- March 3, 1977, 04h 00m am at
Narsinghpur (79E15, 22N58) M.P.
His P1 and
P7 both are mutually in a 6-8th relationship. The Upapada (P7) at signs Cancer with its lord Moon but Moon is in debility in the Navamsa. Further, the
P7 and its lord both are under the heavy influence of Saturn and Mars.
4- Wife of above native- DOB: May 12,
1981, o6h 15m at Jabalpur (79E57, 23N10) M.P.
P1: 0-04/40 and P7: 5-29/02
Her P1 and
P7 both are mutually in a 6-8th relationship. Further her P7 at sign
Virgo is under the impact of Saturn by position and of Ketu through aspect. In
the Navamas chart, this point is posited by Mars within the aspect of Saturn.
Learned readers are able to imagine the Navamsa chart.
5- Female-DOB: January 17, 1983, at 5h
40m at Pipriya (78E21, 22N45) M.P.
Her husband caught her
red-handed with her lover on a night and divorced her within about two years of
marriage.
P1: 6-08/54 and P7: 3-19/10
Her P7 (Cancer) and P1 (Libra) both are in a 4-10th
mutual relationship. Some consider this square aspect as a hostile aspect. Her
P7 is at sign Cancer that is 8th from her ascendant within the
aspect of Saturn. In the Navamsa chart, this point is occupied by weak Venus and
Ketu and aspected by Saturn, Sun, and Rahu. Observe the chart-
6- Menaka Gandhi- DOB: August 26, 1956,
05h00m at Delhi (77E13, 28N39)
Learned readers are
familiar with the tragedy that happened to her as she became a widow at a young age.
Observe the chart-
P1: 8-05/10 and P7: 4-10/20
Her Upapada
falls in the 2nd house from ascendant and the 2nd house also
can carry the ill effect of the 8th house as it remains always within
the aspect of it, that is also a reason for considering the ill result of Saturn`s
transit from this house during the process of Sade Saati. Though her P7 is
occupied by its lord Jupiter, by this influence she got some blissful
marriage years but same time it is within the aspect of ill-positioned Mars and
afflicted Saturn. Further in the Navamsa chart, her Upapada is positioned by
Saturn and within the aspect of Ketu.
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